There are many kinds of fuels for cars and trucks other than gasoline. Alternative fuels are not made from petroleum, a fossil fuel that contributes to air pollution. Alternative fuels meet three criteria: the fuel is substantially nonpetroleum, the fuel yields substantial energy security benefits, and the fuel offers substantial environmental benefits.

The following fuels are defined as alternative fuels by the Energy Policy Act of 1992 and are currently, or have been, commercially available for vehicles: ethanol, natural gas, electricity, hydrogen, biodiesel, and propane. Carbon emissions, which contribute to climate change, and air quality concerns have increased the importance of alternative fuels and advanced transportation technologies like electric vehicles. By increasing alternative fuel use, consumers have fuel choices that compete with gasoline and diesel, broaden our supply base, and have lower environmental impacts.

Additional Resources
http://www.afdc.energy.gov/afdc/